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通用#

history记录命令时间#

编辑文件/etc/profile

  • 记录日期:export HISTTIMEFORMAT='%F %T '

生效文件:source /etc/profile

文件打开数#

Linux默认的文件打开数为1024,若作为服务器机器,该设置是不够的,需要将其提高。

编辑文件/etc/security/limits.conf,添加或修改以下内容:

* soft nofile 65535
* hard nofile 65535
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即可将最大文件打开数修改为65535。

Ubuntu#

修改apt源#

Ubuntu默认的apt源较慢,可将其更换为阿里云apt源:

  1. 备份旧源:sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_bak
  2. 新建文件/etc/apt/sources.list,并添加阿里云apt与系统版本匹配的内容
  3. 更新apt缓存:sudo apt update

解决vi编辑器中箭头变ABCD#

更新vi:sudo apt install vim -y

CentOS#

修改yum源#

Centos默认的yum源较慢,可将其更换为阿里云yun源:

  1. 备份旧源:mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
  2. 下载新的源文件:wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo (可将7换成6、5等等,根据系统版本而定)
  3. 下载EPEL源:wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
  4. 重新生成缓存:yum clean allyum makecache

屏蔽slice日志#

CentOS会每分钟记录用户slice日志到/var/log/messages中,会产生大量slice日志:

Jan 19 14:10:01 VM-0-11-centos systemd: Created slice User Slice of xxx.
Jan 19 14:10:01 VM-0-11-centos systemd: Started Session 12699 of user xxx.
Jan 19 14:10:01 VM-0-11-centos systemd: Started Session 12700 of user root.
Jan 19 14:10:01 VM-0-11-centos systemd: Removed slice User Slice of xxx.
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解决方案:

  • 修改日志等级 systemd默认日志等级为info,修改为notice:

    1. 使用命令:systemd-analyze set-log-level notice
    2. 修改配置文件:/etc/systemd/system.confLogLevel=info修改为LogLevel=notice

    将系统日志等级设置为notice,从而屏蔽上述日志。

  • 添加过滤规则

    1. 编辑文件/etc/rsyslog.d/ignore-systemd-session-slice.conf,添加内容:if $programname == "systemd" and ($msg contains "Starting Session" or $msg contains "Started Session" or $msg contains "Created slice" or $msg contains "Starting user-" or $msg contains "Removed Slice" or $msg contains "Stopping user-") then stop
    2. 重启rsyslog:systemctl restart rsyslog

    从而通过该过滤规则过滤掉上述日志。

Linux常用设置
https://juzzi.qzz.io/blog/os/linux/linux-setting
Author Ju Zi
Published at May 6, 2017
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